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Treated diagnoses

Cancerous, congenital and very rare diseases

At the IHBT, we deal with the full range of hematopoietic disorders. Our care thus covers both congenital or acquired non-cancerous diseases (anaemia, bleeding disorders, etc.) and cancers such as leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. Moreover, many of the diagnoses we treat here are very rare. This means that only a few dozen people in the whole country suffer from it.

The treatment procedure here is therefore strictly governed by international and national protocols. At the same time, patients are often enrolled in appropriate clinical trials when available.

Therapy usually includes several cycles of chemotherapy, targeted biological therapy, immunological, immunosuppressive and instrumental treatment (TPE and depletion procedures performed in cooperation with the Apheresis Department of the IHBT) and various forms of haematopoietic cell transplantation.

Most common diagnoses:

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).

  • The number of newly diagnosed and intensively treated patients in the inpatient unit is approximately 40 per year. The age of these patients was 20 to 68 years
  • 84 per cent of patients usually achieve disease remission (so-called remission) after two cycles of chemotherapy
  • Approximately 20 to 30 percent of these patients must be referred for a bone marrow transplant in the same year.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)

  • Myelodysplastic syndrome is the proliferation of a pathological clone of haematopoietic cells, which can lead to acute leukaemia
  • Early stages of the disease are treated mainly as an outpatient, advanced stages often require hospitalisation with special treatment including haematopoietic cell transplantation
  • The incidence of the disease is increasing in people over 60 years of age, with an incidence of 4.5 patients per 100,000 population

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)

  • This disease accounts for 20-25% of all adult leukaemias and the number of newly diagnosed cases is 1-1.5 per 100,000 population per year
  • Approximately 30 patients are diagnosed at our department each year, and we currently treat nearly 400 patients
  • The highly effective targeted treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved their prognosis, returning patients to a full life and essentially not shortening their life expectancy.

Hemophilia

  • The most common type of bleeding disorder in the Czech Republic affects approximately 1,000 people
  • The usual treatment is outpatient administration of the missing clotting factor
  • The number of bleedings is significantly reduced thanks to modern treatment
Other diagnoses treated:
  • Myeloproliferative diseases
  • Chronic lymphoblastic leukaemia
  • Severe forms of hemolytic anemias, aplastic anemias
  • Treatment-related complications (infections, viral reactivations, graft-versus-host reactions)